Speaker
Description
Lightning-related phenomena are known to interact with and influence all detector systems of the Pierre Auger Observatory. Notably, the Surface Detector has recorded unique signals associated with Terrestrial Gamma Flashes (TGFs) which are rare phenomena linked to the initial processes of lightning. Studying TGFs in coincidence with their parent lightning discharges helps to constrain the mechanisms responsible for their production, providing key insights into how these high-energy emissions are generated and evolve within thunderstorms.
To image the parent lightning discharges, we are developing the Broadband Observatory of Lightning and TGFs (BOLT), an interferometric lightning mapping array that enhances the unique capabilities of the Observatory by providing high-resolution 3D (spatial and temporal) imaging of lightning propagation. BOLT consists of radio detectors that have been previously developed for the Auger Engineering Radio Array and is co-located with the Surface Detector to enable direct correlation between lightning activity and candidate TGF signals at the Pierre Auger Observatory.
This contribution highlights recent hardware developments, progress towards selective triggering and precision timing, and first field data, illustrating the growing capability of the system for TGF and lightning studies. Together with the existing detector systems of the Pierre Auger Observatory, BOLT establishes a powerful experimental framework for advancing our understanding of lightning physics and associated high-energy atmospheric phenomena.